Engineering Methodology

Standards, method, and scope.

OmniCFS follows published cold-formed-steel and general-design standards. Every calculation cites the section that governs it. This page lists the reference stack, the design-method summary, and the explicit scope boundaries of the tool.

Standards-Based

All calculations follow AISI S100-16, AISI S240-20, AISI S400-20, and ASCE 7-22. Design checks use LRFD with φ factors from the applicable standard.

Transparent

Every design check provides a full calculation trace with equation references, intermediate values, and the governing failure mode.

Verifiable

Results are independently reproducible. Each check shows the equation, inputs, and resistance factor that produced the verdict, so a licensed engineer can re-run the math.

Referenced standards

AISI S100-16North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members.
AISI S240-20North American Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing — light-frame members, assemblies, and connections.
AISI S400-20North American Standard for Seismic Design of CFS Structural Systems — shear wall capacities and detailing.
ASCE 7-22Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures.
ACI 318-19Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete — anchorage to concrete (Chapter 17) and foundation design.
AISC 360-22Specification for Structural Steel Buildings — steel header (W-shape) design when CFS is overridden.
IBC 2018 / 2021 / 2024International Building Code — edition-aware occupancy, wind, seismic, deflection, and soil provisions.
SSMASteel Stud Manufacturers Association — section property tables and product designations.
BIA TN 28Brick Industry Association Technical Note — masonry veneer shelf-angle deflection criterion.
CFSEI TN-J100-21Cold-Formed Steel Engineers Institute Technical Note — occupant-comfort vibration criteria.

Design method

Every OmniCFS check uses the method and resistance factor shown below. Factors are current as of the cited standard edition.

CheckMethodφ / limitReference
Axial CompressionLRFDφc = 0.85AISI S100-16 §E2
Flexural StrengthLRFDφb = 0.90AISI S100-16 §F3
Combined Axial + BendingLRFD§H1.2 interactionAISI S100-16 §H1
Web CripplingLRFDφw = 0.85AISI S100-16 §G5 (w/S2-20)
Bearing (stud-to-track)LRFDφ = 0.65AISI S100-16 §G4
Built-Up Section (B2B)LRFDφc = 0.85AISI S100-16 §D1.1
Connection (screw)LRFDφ = 0.50AISI S100-16 §J4
Shear Wall (sheathed)LRFDφv from tableAISI S400-20 §E1
Shear Wall Stiffness4-term eq.δ = Σ(4 terms)AISI S400-20 §E1.3.1
Diaphragm Panel ShearLRFDφv = 0.65AISI S240-20 §B5.4.2
Diaphragm Aspect RatioGeometryL/W ≤ 4:1AISI S240-20 §E1.2
Anchorage to ConcreteLRFDChapter 17 suiteACI 318-19 §17
Foundation BearingLRFDφ = 0.65ACI 318-19 §22.8.3.2
Soil BearingServiceq ≤ q_allowIBC Table 1806.2
Footing FlexureLRFDφ = 0.90ACI 318-19 §9.5
Footing One-Way ShearLRFDφ = 0.75ACI 318-19 §22.5
Wind PressureDirectionalqz × GCpASCE 7-22 §26/§30
Wind Serviceability10-yr MRIIBC fn f factorIBC §1609.3.2 fn f
Seismic Base ShearELFCs = SDS·Ie/RASCE 7-22 §12.8.1
Seismic Vertical Dist.Fx = Cvx·VASCE 7-22 §12.8.3
Story Drift — WindServiceδ ≤ H/400IBC §1604.3
Story Drift — SeismicCd-amplifiedTable 12.12-1ASCE 7-22 §12.8.6
P-Delta Stabilityθ amplifierθ < 0.10, max 0.25ASCE 7-22 §12.8.7
Deflection (members)ServiceTable 1604.3 rowsIBC Table 1604.3
Live-Load ReductionTributary area0.50 ≤ L/Lo ≤ 1.0ASCE 7-22 §4.7
Steel Header (override)LRFDφb = 0.90AISC 360-22 Ch. F

Current product envelope

This is the engineering boundary for normal OmniCFS use today. For plaza, data-center, prefab, commercial, or mid-rise opportunities, use the separate Scope Discovery page to classify the CFS assembly before treating it as future product scope.

Designed for
  • 1–4 story cold-formed steel light-frame residential
  • Single-family, duplex, townhome, fourplex, and barndominium templates
  • Height up to 50 ft inside the residential product envelope
  • Continental US projects with ZIP-derived wind, snow, frost, and seismic inputs
  • Risk Category I through IV
  • Site Class A, B, C, D, and E
  • 3-story residential designs up to 140 mph wind
  • 4-story non-fourplex designs up to 140 mph wind
  • 4-story fourplex designs through 150 mph wind, 60 psf ground snow, and 10 ft story height
  • Exposure Categories B, C, and D with topographic factor
  • Seismic Design Category A through D
  • Residential occupancies (ASCE 7-22 Table 4.3-1)
  • Rectangular orthogonal lateral systems
Out of scope
  • Hot-rolled steel primary structure (AISC 360)
  • Wood framing (NDS)
  • Concrete or masonry primary structure
  • Commercial occupancies (B, M, F, S, A, E, I)
  • Pre-engineered metal buildings (PEMB)
  • 5+ stories or podium transfer systems
  • Deep foundations, rock footings, and retaining walls over 4 ft
  • HVHZ or other cases requiring a different structural system
  • Alaska, Hawaii, and non-continental US hazard assumptions
  • Seismic Design Category E or F
  • Site Class F soft/liquefiable soils (site-specific analysis)
  • Irregular plan shapes (L / T / U / nonparallel systems)
  • Low-slope ponding analysis (slope < 1/4 in/ft)
  • Permit stamp or AHJ submission — handled by the licensed engineer

When the tool refers to a PE

Some conditions need project-specific engineering judgement, jurisdictional review, or release documentation the tool should not substitute for. When one is detected, the packet names the blocked system and the review path — never a silent pass.

Run a design and review the packet yourself

Every verdict in the output PDF cites the section listed above.